Conducted by Fabio Biondi, the hr-Sinfonieorchester (Frankfurt Radio Symphony Orchestra) performs Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s Symphony No. 11 in D Major, K. 84. Recorded at the hr-Sendesaal Frankfurt on June 10, 2021. Biondi is also the concertmaster (plays the 1st violin).
Mozart’s Symphony No. 11
Mozart’s Symphony No. 11 is believed to written in 1770 when the Austrian composer was 14 years old. For a long time, the work was considered composed by Mozart unquestionably, but its status was challenged in 2008. Because, 19th-century copies of the score attribute it respectively to Leopold Mozart (father of the composer) and to Carl Dittersdorf (2 November 1739 – 24 October 1799, the Austrian composer, violinist, and silvologist).
But, it is still considered most likely written by the young Wolfgang: the American musicologist Neal Zaslaw, who has done extended work on the works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, including a landmark 1989 work on his symphonies, wrote on the subject that: “A comparison of the results of two stylistic analyses of the work’s (Mozart’s Symphony No. 11) first movement with analyses of unquestionably genuine first movements of the period by the three composers suggests that Wolfgang is the most likely of the three to have been the composer of K73q”.
This symphony is part of a series of early symphonies composed during his childhood years. It is scored for a typical Classical-era orchestra, featuring strings, woodwinds, and horns.
Despite its relatively small scale compared to some of Mozart’s later symphonic works, Symphony No. 11 is notable for its charming melodies and clear structure. It reflects the stylistic conventions of the classical period and demonstrates Mozart’s understanding of classical form even in his early compositions.
Symphony No. 11 is characterized by its clarity and grace, and it offers a glimpse into the budding genius of Mozart. While it may not possess the depth and complexity of his later symphonies, it is a valuable piece in his early repertoire, showcasing his musical craftsmanship and ability to create engaging and enjoyable compositions.
The instrumentation was: strings, 2 oboes, 2 horns, bassoon, and continuo.
Movements
The symphony is in three movements, lacking a minuet and trio. With start times in the video:
- 0:00 Allegro, 4/4
- 3:55 Andante, 3/8
- 6:27 Allegro, 2/4
1. Allegro
The first movement of Mozart’s Symphony No. 11, like many of his early symphonies, is marked as “Allegro.” It is a lively and spirited opening to the symphony, showcasing Mozart’s talent even at a young age. Here’s a description of this movement:
The “Allegro” is characterized by its brisk tempo and joyful energy. It sets a lively and engaging tone right from the start, capturing the listener’s attention with a vibrant and memorable theme.
Mozart’s orchestration in this movement is relatively modest, typical of the classical style of the late 18th century. The music is marked by clear phrasing and structured form, reflecting the principles of classical composition.
One of the notable features of this movement is its use of contrasting dynamics and melodic ideas. Mozart creates moments of excitement and anticipation through sudden shifts in volume and rhythm.
As the movement progresses, the main theme undergoes variations and developments, showcasing Mozart’s compositional skill. These variations add depth and complexity to the musical narrative, making the movement engaging and dynamic.
The first movement serves as an excellent introduction to Symphony No. 11, drawing the listener into the youthful exuberance and musical craftsmanship of Mozart’s early symphonic works.
2. Andante
The second movement of Mozart’s Symphony No. 11 is marked as “Andante.” It is a slower, lyrical movement that provides a contrasting and more introspective experience compared to the lively first movement. Here’s a description of this movement:
The “Andante” is characterized by its graceful and flowing melody. Mozart’s choice of a slower tempo allows for a more relaxed and contemplative atmosphere. This movement is an oasis of tranquility within the symphony.
The music opens with a gentle and expressive theme introduced by the strings. Mozart’s gift for creating beautiful and emotive melodies is evident in this movement. The melody is passed among different sections of the orchestra, creating a sense of dialogue and depth.
One of the remarkable features of this movement is its simplicity and elegance. Mozart’s orchestration is relatively sparse, allowing the melody to take center stage. This minimalist approach enhances the emotional impact of the music.
Throughout the Andante, there is a sense of yearning and introspection, as if the composer is inviting the listener to reflect on deeper emotions and sentiments. It is a testament to Mozart’s ability to convey profound emotions through music.
The second movement serves as a moment of respite and reflection within the symphony, offering a contrast to the exuberance of the first movement and setting the stage for the subsequent movements.
3. Allegro
The finale of Mozart’s Symphony No. 11 is marked as “Allegro”. It serves as a lively and spirited conclusion to the symphony, returning to a faster tempo after the more measured third movement. Here’s a description of this movement:
The “Allegro” is characterized by its brisk tempo and joyful energy. Mozart wastes no time in engaging the listener with a lively and playful theme introduced by the strings. This movement exudes a sense of exuberance and celebration.
Mozart’s orchestration in this movement is relatively modest, typical of the classical style of the late 18th century. The music is marked by clear phrasing and structured form, reflecting the principles of classical composition.
One of the notable features of this movement is its use of contrasting dynamics and melodic ideas. Mozart creates moments of excitement and anticipation through sudden shifts in volume and rhythm.
As the movement progresses, the main theme undergoes variations and developments, showcasing Mozart’s compositional skill. These variations add depth and complexity to the musical narrative, making the movement engaging and dynamic.
The fourth movement serves as a fitting conclusion to Mozart’s Symphony No. 11, leaving a lasting impression with its joyful and vibrant character.
Sources
- Symphony No. 11 (Mozart) on Wikipedia