Accompanied by the Orchestre Philharmonique de Monte Carlo (Monte Carlo Philharmonic Orchestra), one of the greatest pianists in the world, Maria João Pires performs Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 9 in E-flat major, K. 271, known as the Jeunehomme or Jenamy concerto. Conductor: Kazuki Yamada.
Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 9 “Jeunehomme”
Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 9 in E-flat major, K. 271, commonly known as the “Jeunehomme” Concerto, is one of the composer’s most celebrated and innovative works. Composed in 1777 when Mozart was just 21 years old, it marks a significant departure from the conventions of the time, showcasing his mature style and extraordinary creativity.
The nickname “Jeunehomme” is believed to be a corruption of the name of a French pianist, Mademoiselle Jeunehomme, who visited Salzburg and inspired Mozart, although the true identity of this pianist remains uncertain.
This concerto is notable for its structural innovation and emotional depth. From the very beginning, Mozart demonstrates a bold approach, engaging the soloist and orchestra in a dynamic interplay that was uncommon for its time. The concerto features intricate dialogues between the piano and the orchestra, with the soloist taking on a prominent and expressive role. Mozart’s use of harmonic and thematic development is particularly advanced, adding layers of complexity and richness to the music.
The “Jeunehomme” Concerto is also characterized by its dramatic contrasts and lyrical beauty. Mozart infuses the music with a sense of joy and exuberance, while also exploring more introspective and tender moments. This balance of light and shade, along with the virtuosity required of the soloist, makes the concerto a favorite among performers and audiences alike.
Movements
With start times in the video above:
- Allegro 0:00
- Andantino 11:15
- Rondò (Presto) 22:38
1. Allegro
The first movement of Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 9 is marked “Allegro.” This movement is particularly striking for its inventive structure and energetic character, showcasing Mozart’s flair for combining elegance with innovation.
The movement opens with an orchestral introduction that immediately sets a lively and engaging tone. Unlike typical concerto openings of the time, Mozart allows the piano to enter almost immediately, engaging in a spirited dialogue with the orchestra. This early entrance of the soloist is one of the movement’s most remarkable features, breaking away from the standard format where the orchestra typically plays a lengthy exposition before the soloist’s first appearance.
The piano’s initial entry is bold and assertive, establishing a dynamic interplay with the orchestral themes. Throughout the movement, Mozart employs a playful exchange between the piano and orchestra, characterized by lively rhythms, graceful melodies, and intricate passages that highlight the technical prowess of the soloist. The thematic material is rich and varied, with the piano often leading the way in developing and embellishing the motifs introduced by the orchestra.
A distinctive feature of this movement is Mozart’s use of sudden shifts in mood and texture, creating a sense of spontaneity and excitement. The contrast between the vigorous, rhythmically driven sections and the more lyrical, expressive passages adds depth and complexity to the movement. The piano part is virtuosic yet deeply musical, requiring both technical skill and interpretative sensitivity from the performer.
As the movement progresses, Mozart skillfully navigates through different keys and harmonies, maintaining a sense of coherence and unity despite the diverse thematic material. The movement culminates in a coda that brings together the various elements in a satisfying and triumphant conclusion, leaving a lasting impression of brilliance and vitality.
2. Andantino
The second movement of Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 9 is marked “Andantino.” This movement stands out for its lyrical beauty and emotional depth, offering a poignant contrast to the lively and energetic first movement.
Set in the key of C minor, the “Andantino” evokes a sense of melancholy and introspection. The use of a minor key is relatively unusual for the slow movements of Mozart’s concertos, and it imparts a special intensity and expressive weight to the music. The orchestral introduction sets a somber tone with a tender, flowing melody that is soon taken up by the piano.
The piano’s entry is marked by a delicate and sensitive touch, weaving the main theme with an air of quiet reflection. Throughout the movement, the interplay between the piano and orchestra is intimate and conversational, with the piano often leading and the orchestra providing a rich, supportive backdrop. Mozart’s writing here is particularly nuanced, using subtle shifts in dynamics and phrasing to enhance the emotional impact.
A notable feature of the second movement is its harmonic richness and complexity. Mozart explores a wide range of tonal colors, modulating to different keys and creating a tapestry of sound that is both intricate and deeply affecting. The movement’s structure is essentially ternary (ABA) form, with the central section offering a contrasting theme that is slightly more agitated yet still retains the overall mood of contemplation.
The return of the opening theme in the final section is both familiar and transformed, imbued with the emotional journey of the movement. The delicate interplay between the piano and orchestra continues, leading to a gentle and reflective conclusion.
3. Rondò: presto
The third movement of Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 9 is marked “Rondo (Presto).” This movement is characterized by its vibrant energy and playful spirit, bringing the concerto to a thrilling and exuberant conclusion.
The “Rondo” form is lively and engaging, featuring a principal theme that recurs throughout the movement, interspersed with contrasting episodes. Mozart’s choice of “Presto” tempo sets a brisk and joyful pace, ensuring that the movement is filled with rhythmic vitality and dynamic contrasts.
The principal theme of the Rondo is introduced by the orchestra and is soon taken up by the piano with exuberant flourishes. This theme is catchy and memorable, embodying the buoyant and cheerful character of the movement. The piano’s virtuosic runs and rapid passages demonstrate both technical brilliance and a light, playful touch, making the music sparkle with life.
Each episode between the recurring main theme presents new material, offering contrasting moods and textures. These sections showcase Mozart’s inventiveness, as he weaves intricate dialogues between the piano and the orchestra. The soloist navigates through these episodes with agility, maintaining a sense of coherence and unity despite the frequent shifts in character and tempo.
One of the most remarkable features of this movement is its use of dynamic interplay and contrast. The piano and orchestra engage in a spirited conversation, with the piano often leading the way with bold and daring statements. The music frequently changes direction, keeping the listener engaged and entertained throughout.
As the movement progresses, Mozart introduces surprising twists and turns, including sudden changes in dynamics and playful rhythmic variations. These elements add to the overall sense of excitement and spontaneity, making the Rondo a delightful and exhilarating finale.
The movement builds towards a jubilant climax, with the piano and orchestra coming together in a final, triumphant statement of the principal theme. The concluding passages are filled with energy and joy, bringing the concerto to a satisfying and exuberant close.
Sources
- Piano Concerto No. 9 (Mozart) on Wikipedia
- Piano Concerto No. 9 in E-flat major, K.271 (Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus) on the International Music Score Library Project website
- “Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 9 in E-flat Major, K. 271” on the Boston Baroque website
